Combined type-writing and computing machine.



F. A. HART. l commen TYPE wnmne AND COMPUTING mcmNE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.9. 19H. KENEWED MAY 27. 19|6. 1 ,1 90,287,Patented July 11, 1916.

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INVENTOR:

ATTORNEY WITNESSES L/ l Hr F.AHARL COMBINED TYPE wRmNG ANDcoMPuTlNGMAcHINE.

. APPLICATION FILED AUG.9. 19N- RENEWED MAY 21. l9|6. 1 ,1 90,287,Patented July 11, 1916.

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Patented July 1l, 1916.

'UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK A. HART, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNEASSIGN- MENTS, TO UNDERWOOD COMPUTING MACHINE COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N.Y., A

CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

COMBINED TYPE-WRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

Application led August 9, 1911, Serial No. 643,108.

T 0 all/107mm it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK A. HART, a citizen of the United States,residing in Jersey City, in the county of Hudson and State of NewJersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combined'Ivpe-lVi-iting and Computing Machines, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to combined typewriting and computing machines,in which dial wheels oi' devices are returnable to Zero by the use of aspecial key or mechanism.

One of the objects of the present improvements is to provide improvedmeans for indicating upon the work sheet, the fact that the dial wheelshave been turned to zero before the beginning of the computation on saidsheet.

In carrying out the invention, I provide in the typewriter a specialtype, and this is normally locked against operation, and is preferablyunprovided with a key. A spring, however, tends constantly to operatesaid special type, but this spring is restrained by means of a trip, thetrip also serving to lock the type against manual actuation. Upon thedepression of the zero key, the trip is released, and the spring throwsthe type up to print on the work sheet. During the ensuing operation ofthe computing mechanism` that is, during the actuation of the usualgeneral operator, the type bar and connected parts are restored tonormal positions.

Another feature of the invention relates to means controlled by the zerokev for restoring to normal positions, any pins that may have been setat the time the zero key is operated; the pins referred to beingemployed for determining the extent of rotation of the dial wheels inthe usual manner.

Other features and advantages will hereinafter appear.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a part sectional sideelevation of the combined typewriter and adding machine of thcUndcrwood-Hanson type; showing the parts in normal positions. Fig. 2 isa perspective view of portions of the mechanism which control thespecial type in the typewriter; the parts being in normal positions.Fig. 3 is a rear view of the Zero and error keys, showing the connectionwhereby the zero key operates the error mechanism;

Patented J illy 11, 1916.

Renewed May 27, 1916. Serial No. 100,188.

while the error key can be operated independently of the zero key. Fig.lis a sectional side elevation of certain portions of the mechanism seenat the lower part of Fig. 1; but showing the Zero key depressed, and thetype-operating parts as having been operated. Fig. 5 is a plan of thedial wheels and tens-carrying mechanism. Fig. 6 is a sectional sideelevation of the same. Fig. 7 is a sectional side elevation of thezerosetting arbor whereon the dial wheels are mounted, and the drivingconnections for said arbor. Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 6, butillustrating` the tens-carrying operation. Fig. 9 is a perspective viewof the arbor and disk thereon seen at Fig. 7. Fig. 10 is an enlargedside elevation of dial wheel and its connections. Fig. 11 is a sectionalview of the devices seen at Fig. 10.

Numeral keys 1 and alphabet keys 2 are mounted upon levers 3 connectedby bell cranks 4 to type bars 5, which strike rearwardly against aplaten 6, the latter mounted on a carriage 7 aiid controlled by theusual letter-feeding mechanism, comprising a universal bar 8 engaged bythe type bars.

Each numeral key has a stem 9 to depress one of a series of arms 10 uponrock shafts 11, which form parts of linkages 12, the latter havingmembers 13 to engage and depress any of a series of pins 14 upon any ofa series of bars 15, the latter having at their forward ends racks 16 toengage pinions 17, each connected by a pawl and ratchet to a dial wheel18.

The position of the carriage 7 determines which of the rack bars 15shall be elevated at the time that any kev 1 is depressed` and hencedetermines which rack bar shall have one of its pins 1-1 projected belowthe saine. The selection is effected by means of a dog 19 upon thecarriage, having a beveled tooth 20 to engage the end of a jack i1pivoted at 22, whose rear end Q3 pushes down one of a` series of rods241 to vibrate one of a set of levers Q5, the latter connected bylinkages 2G to the rear ends of said rack bars 15, so that the latterare raised in succession as the typewriter carriage 7 feeds along. llponthe release of the kev 1 from pressure, the rack bar 15 drops, and itsprojected pin stands below the nest of rack bars.

After the keys 1 have been manipulated to write the number which is tobe added, a

handle 2T is pulled forwardly, tor the purpose ot adding on the dialivheels 1S the numher which is determined hy the projected pins M. Thishandle 27 is provided upon a crank QS projected from a rock shatt QS)having at its ends segments 3() meshing with pinions 231, the lattermeshing` with racks Si). one provided upon each side ot the machine` andconnecting hy hars 5t), said racks 32 and hars 50, t'orminga generaloperator; hars heing provided upon arms 33 which are connected to thesliding racks The har 50 is caused hy the handle QT to move horizontallyforward and piek up the rack hars l5 hy means ol" the. projected pins1%-, so that the strokes of the several racks, and hence of theirassociated dial Wheels, depend upon yvhich pins in the several rackswere depressed. The sliding` racks 32 are mounted in suitahle guidesupon the hase, and rigidly connected hy the hars 50. hoth ot the latterjust heneath the dial-wheel rack hars l5. Upon the return stroke otl thehandle QT. the cross har 52 ot the general operator engages shouldersformed upon the under sides ot the rack hars 15, and returns them tonormal rear positions. rllhe general operator also performs the functionot restoring all o'll the pins ll which have heen depressed. This iseffected hy means of a plate 59, which is mounted hy ears C() upon hellcranks (3l` G2, the latter connected hy a link G3; the plate heing`lifted hy the general operator from the position at Fig. l to theposition at F l, in a manner explained in my pending application No.466,336. filed December l0, 1908.

Yhen the racks 1G are heing returned rearwardly hy the har 52 ot thegeneral operator. the individual pinions 1T turn idly, the latter havingpavvl devices 6l to engage with ratchet Wheels G5 fixed inside ot thedial ivheels 1S.

rl`he dial Wheels are held steady hy spring detents 6G. which engagegears 67 fixed on respective computing ivheels. said gears GT servingalso as tens-carrying gears. The tenscarrying operation is initiated hyspecial teeth GS, one ot which is fixed upon each ot the dial wheels 1S.in position to engage and operate. once in each revolution oi the ivheeliS. an adjacent tenscarrying pin ion GSL the latter provided with athreetoothed gear in position to mesh with and turn the gear GT tixed onthe computing ivheel 1S ot next higher denomination.

Although the tens-carrying operation depends upon the actuation ot' apinion (if) hy the tooth GS upon the dial wheel 1S, still such toothmerely initiates the tens-carrying operation, the latter heing completedhy means of one of a series of power-driven assisting segments 7T.

There is one segment 7T for each of the the teeth 53 on the lett-handslide 5l ot the general operator. so that the pinion Til is rotatedtorivardly and haclnvardly ahout a complete revolution at each cycle otmovements ot said general operator. The tenscarrying segments` however,are intemled to rotate only in one direction; and hence the, shatt 7S onivhich they are [ixed is connected hy a hall or other clutch Rl. withIsaid pinion 7i). so that the rotation ot the pinion during the advanceot the operator is an idle one; the segment shaft T8 heingl turned onlyduring the return stroke oit the operator. ln other Words, during thet'oru'ard strol-:e ot the general operator, the teeth 68 on certain otlthe computing yvheels 1S operate to set, the tens-carrying pinions (3S).and daring the hack stroke ot the operator. the segments Ti' engage thepinions (30 and complete the tenscarrying operations h v givingone-tenth oi a revolution each to the correspomling computing Wheels 1S.The tooth GS on each ivheel 1S imparts to the tens-carrying pinion 69one-ninth oi a revolution: there. heing nine teeth on said pinion; andeach segment 77 is intended to turn its pinion t\voninths of arevolution; each pinion heing thus turned one-third oi a revolution inall, in order to rotate the gear (5T and the next wheel 1S one-tenth ofa revolution.

Every third tooth on each tens-carrying pinion (39 is cut away.y aportion 82 heing lett` howeverv` sullicient to he engaged hv a springdetent the teeth heing cut avvav in this manner that the tens-carryingments T7 may swing idly past the tens-carr ving pinions when the latterare idle: the gap between the teeth adjacent to the cutaway tooth heingsu'licient to permit the tree movement ot segment TT. rThe tooth GS onany computing wheel 15a. hy moving the tens-carrying pinion ($5)one-ninth otl a revolution, turns said pinion into position forengagement hy its associated segment 7T upon the next return movementolE the general operator: wherehy .said pinion is advanced an additionaltwo-nintlrs. and the wheel 1S ot next higher denomination is turnedone-tenth ot a revolution. The segments '77 are arranged in spiral orderon the shaft TS. so that tens-carrying may proceed from loiv to highdenoniinations throughout the gang ot computing wheels during a singlereturn stroke o't' the .general operator. Wherehy all the vfheels may heturned trom 9 to 0 progressively during said operator stroke.

In order to return the computing wheels to zero, a key is depressed, andits stem depresses the front end ot a lever 8G. the

y:as

rear end whereof is provided with a wrist 87, which takes under andlifts the rear end of a special rack 88, which is similar to the racks1G, but is provided with only one settable pin 88a similar to pins 11.Said pin 88a encounters a fixed abutment 88h, and hence stops before theupward movement of the rack 88 is completed, or in other words, the pinis forced to project below the rack, by the upward movement of thelatter. Upon them pulling forward the handle 27, the cross bar 50 of thegeneral operator is advanced to engage said projecting pin 88n and carryforward the special Zero rack 88, the forward end of which has teeth tomeshv with a pinion 89, which has a ball-clutch connection to a disk 90,the latter being fixed to an arbor 91 upon which all of the computingwheels 18 are loosely mounted. This arbor, which is given a fullrevolution by the general operator at the forward stroke of the handle27, (since pin 88 is placed one step to the rear of the 9 pins 14) has aclutch connection with every one of the computing wheels 18, so as tobring the units wheel to zero point, and the remaining wheels to suchpositions that they all show 9 at the sight opening. The arbor 91 turnsa full revolution; but all eX- cept the units clutch are set to suchposi tions as to be capable of giving their computing wheels each onlynine-tenths of a revolution. The units wheel 1S, in thus being turned tothe zero position, elfects by means of its tooth 68, a ninthot arevolution of its associated tens-carrying pinion 69, thus turning thelatter to an abnormal position, in which it is capable of being ro- Theframe 116 is normally restrained by a tated by its associated segment 77upon the l pendent device 11.8 pivoted at 119 on the arm return strokeof the general operator, as al- 111, and having near its lower end aproready explained. Said segment of course jecting pin '120 which restsupon a shoulder turns not only the 19115-@311- ying pinion, but or lug1.21 fixed upon a horizontal shaft 122 also the next higher computingwheel, and which forms the fulcrum of lever 80. the tooth 68 upon thelatter effects a partial lhen the Zero key 85 is depressed. asalrevolution of the associated tens-carrying ready explained, the lug121 is swung torpinion G9, thus bringing the latter to posi i `wardly torelease the pin 120 and permit the tion to be actuated by the nextsegment, a yspring 11.0 to pull down the arms 114, 115, 'atei'. :thelink 117, the lever 111, and throw the the return movement of thegeneral ope o continues. This second tens-carryingwheel 'type bar 1.12upwardly and rearwardly turns'the hundreds computing wheel toZero,ii`against the platen, so that the type 113 and incidentallyadvancing the associated prints on the work sheet. This type is atens-carrying wheel, and so on, tens being 'special type substantiallydifferent from the carried from wheel to wheel throughout the" ordinary(1, and different ti-mn all of the series during the return stroke ofthe operaiaremaining types in the machine. and it cantor, so that at theconclusion of said return f not be operated at the will of the operatorstroke all the wheels stand at zero. A; by depressing the lever 11.1because the lat- The arbor 91 is arranged to be capable otitcr is lockedagainst movement bv the pin turning all of the wheels except the units120 and lug 121. The imprint el the type wheel only nine-tenths of arevolution` so? 113 on the work sheet therefore indicates that thetens-carrying mechanism, when itthat the machine has been cleared, orthat operates, will simply complete the tnrningi the adding wheels havebeen returned to of the wheels to zero. It will be seen that Zero. saidarbor 91 is connected to said computing During the reciprocation of thehandle 27 wheels by spring-pressed balls 92, engaging and of the generaloperator 32, which ensues suitable cutaways 93 formed in the computingwheels; the units ball being one-tenth of a revolution in advance of theremaining balls, for the purpose set forth. A detent 94, engaging anotch 95 in the disk 90, holds the latter and arbor 91 in normalposition.

If an error is made, the operator presses an error key 100, the stem ofwhich has an arm 101, to which is attached one end of a draw-spring 102,the upper end of said spring connected to a lever 103 having aprojection 101 to rest upon the top of ay trip 105. A wrist 106 on thedescending arm 101 presses said trip aside to the Fig. 41 position, andallows the tension-spring 102 to pull down said lever. The rear end ofthe lever rises and engages a wrist 107 on one of the bell-cranks 62,and thereby lifts the universal pin-restoring plate or tablet 59, toreturn to normal positions any pins 1-f1-, 88a or other pins that mayhave been set. lVhen the error key is released, a spring 108 returns itte normal position. An ear 108:L on the plate 59 restores the pin 88 onthe zero rack 88.

A spring 110 is connected to a lever 111 similar to the key lever 3, butpreferably unprovided with any key; said lever 111 connected by a bellcrank el. with a type bar 112, having thereon single type 113 which mayresemble the letter 0. This spring 110 tends normally to swing said typebar 112 up to print, it being connected thereto by a swinging .frame116, and a link 117 connected to the forward end of the lever 111. Theframe 1.16 includes a rock shaft 128 and arms 11-1 and 115 securedthereto.

upon the depression of the Zero key 85, the

type bar 112 is automatically restored to normal position. This ise'liected by the shaft TS, upon which is mounted a cam 123, preferably agravity cam having an abrupt dip therein, to take under a wrist 121projecting from the arm 111 (the latter rigidly connected to arm 115 bymeans of the hub or hollow shaft 12S, Fig. 2). This cam lifts said arms,thereby returning` the type bar to normal position, and lifting thedevice 11S until the pin 120 thereon is snapped, by means of a spring129, over the end of the lug or arm 121. This occurs before the shaft'T8 comes to rest. During the linal portion ot the motion ot the shaft7S, the cam 123 continues to turn until it is entirely out of engagementwith the wrist 121, so as not to obstruct the subsequent downwariilmovement of the latter. its will bc seen in Fig. 2` this shaft and thecam thereon will be locked in its normal home position by a detent 150which engages a notch 151 in a disk secured on the shaft 7S.

lThe trip or device 118 has a short arm 130 extending above its pivot119. and connected to said spring 12S). Extending below the pin 120,said trip has a guard portion 131 engaging the. shaft 122, to preventthe trip trom swinging forward to an undue extent.

At Fig. 3, which is rear vie-w, the stem 131 o1 the Zero key S5 has ahorizontal arm 132 to ei'igage ay shoulder 133 on the error key 100; sothat whenever the Zero key is operated all ot the set pins 11 arereturned to normal positions. This is an advantage, since it mightotherwise happen that atter setting up said pins and before operatingthe handle 2T, the. operator would inadvertently operate the` zero orcil cai-ance key 85, and thereby return the wheels to Zero, leaving thepins depressed. and an error would hence occur in the next operation.r1`his dilliculty is avoided by coupling the keys in the manner setVlorth. rlhe arm 132 does not prevent the depression ol the error key100 independently ot the Zero key S5.

Variations may be resorted to within the scope of the invention, andportions oi the improvements may be used without others.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. ln a combined typewriting and computingmachine, the combination witha special type mounted to print on the work sheet, of a spring tendingto operate said type, means restraining said type, a computing mechanismincluding a set ot' dial devices, means for returning the dial devicesto zero, said returning means including a key. and means associated withsaid key for releasing said rest-raining means, thereby to permit saidspring to operate said special type.

2. ln a Combined typewriting and com puting machine, the combinationwith a, special type mounted to print on the work sheet, ot a springtending to operate said type, means restraining said type, a compnti ingmechanism including a set of dial devices, means for returningl the dialdevices to zero, said returning means including a key, means associated.with said key for releasing said restraining means, thereby to permitsaid spring to operate said special type, and means associated with.said computing mechanism for automatically restoring said type, springand restraining means to normal positions.

3. In a combined typcwrit-ing and computing machine, the combinationwith a special type mounted to print on the work sheet, of a springtending to operate said type, means restraining said type, a computingmechanism including a set ol" dial devices, means for returning the dialdevices to Zero, said returning means including a` key, means associatedwith said key tor releasing said restraining n'ieans, thereby to permitsaid spring to operate said special type, means associated with saidcomputing mechanism for automatically restoring said type, spring andrestraining means to normal positions, said Zero-returningdevicesineluding a set ot tens-carrying members and a shaft whereon theyare mounted, and said restoring means including a cam upon said sliai't,and means controlled by said cam to restore said type and its associatedparts to normal positions.

4. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination withar special type mounted to print on the work sheet, ot a` spring tendingto operate said type, means restraining said type, a compnting mechanismincluding a set ot dial devices, means for returning the dial devices toZero, said returning means including a, key. means associated with saidkey for releasing said restraining means, thereby to permit said springto operate said special type, means associated with said computingmechanism for automatically restoring said type, spring and restrainingmeans to normal positions, said Zero-returning devices including a Setof tens-carrying members and a shaft whereon they are mounted, and saidrestoring means including a cam upon said shaft, and means controlled by.said cani to restore said type and its associated parts to normalpositions, said restraining means including a. trip provided with aspring to reposition it during the operation oi said cam, and the latterbeing timed to continue in motion sutliciently to disconnect itsel'lfrom the type-bar operating devices.

In a combined typewriting and computing machine, having a platen andtypes to strike thereon, the Combination with a special type, of a leverconnected to said typo to operate the same, a spring tending normally tooperate said lever, a trip connected to said lever to restrain the same,a clearance-key connected to the computing mechanism, and meansconnected to said clearancekey to release said trip.

6. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, having a platen andtypes to strike thereon, the computing mechanism including a generaloperator, the combination with a special type, oi a lever connected tosaid type to operate the same, a spring tending normally to operate saidlever, a trip connected .to said lever to restrain the same, aclearance-key connected to the coinputing mechanism, means connected tosaidv clearance-key to release said trip, and means connected to saidgeneral operator to restore said type-lever, trip and spring to normal.positions.

7. In a combined typeivriting and computing machine, having a platen andtypes to strike thereon, the combination with a special type, of a leverconnected to said type to operate the same, a spring tending normally tooperate said lever, an arm connected to said lever, a trip pivoted onsaid arm, a lug Which is engaged by said trip, a clearance key for thecomputing mechanism, and means to enable said clearance key to move saidlug and thereby release said trip.

S. In a combined typeivriting and computing machine, having a platen andtypes to strike thereon, the combination with a special type, of a leverconnected to said type to operate the same, a spring tending normally tooperate said lever, an arm connected to said lever, a trip pivoted onsaid arm, a lug Which is engaged by said trip, a clearance key for thecomputing mechanism, means to enable said clearance key to move said lugand thereby release said trip, and a spring to restore said trip intoengagement with said lug upon the return of said lever and type tonormal positions.

9. In a combined typeivriting and computing machine, the combinationwith a platen and key-operated types to print thereon, of a specialtype, means to prevent said special type from being opera-ted, a

clearance key for the colnputing mechanism,

and means controlled by said clearance key to eiiect the operation ofsaid. special type.

10. In a combined typeivriting and computing machine, the combinationwith a platen and key-operated types to print thereon, of a specialtype, means to prevent said special type from being operated, aclearance key for the computing mechanism, means controlled by saidclearance key to effect the operation of said special type, a, generaloperator for the computing mechanism, and means to enable said generaloperator to restore and re-lock said type.

11. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combinationwithv a platen and key-operated types to print thereon, of a specialtype, means to prevent said special type from being operated, aclearance key for the computingv mechanism, means controlled by saidclea 1ance key to effect the operation oi said special type, a generaloperator for the computing mechanism, and means to enable said generaloperator to restore and re-lock said type, said last named meansincluding a shaft operated by said general operator, a cam on saidshaft, and a restoring member engageable by said cam.

12. The combination with a computing mechanism including a zero key, ofa typewrit'ing mechanism including a special type bar, and means forenabling said Zero key to cause an actuation of said type bar.

18. In a combined typeivriting and computing machine, the combinationwith a platen, of key-operated types cooperating with said platen toprint, a s pecial type-bar, means to prevent said special type-bar frombeing operated, computing mechanism, a clearance key for said computingmechanism, means controlled by said clearance key to effect theoperation of said special type-bar, a general operator for saidcomputing mechanism, means to enable said general operator to restoreand ire-lock said type-bar, said computing mechanism including a shaftoperated by said general operator, a cam on said shaft, and a Wristconnected to said special type-bar to enable said cam to return saidtype-bar to normal position, said cam being constructed to clear saidwrist at the end of the movement of sa id shaft.

14. The combination with a platen, of a series of type actionscoperating With said platen to print characters, a special type actionfor printing a special character including a type-bar, a bell crank forrocking said type-bar, and a lever for vibrating said bell crank,computing mechanism cooperating with said type actions, a Zeroizingmechanism for eliminating computations exhibited by said computingmechanism, and means brought into play by said Zeroizing mechanism foractuating said special type action.

15. The combination with a platen, of a series of type actionscooperating with said platen to print characters, a special type actionfor printing a special character including a type-bar, a bell crank forrocking said type-bar, a lever for vibrating said bell crank, computingmechanism cope `ating with said type actions to compute numbers Writtenby said type actions, and a Zeroizing mechanism for eliminatingcomputations exhibited by said computing mechanism, said special typeaction being actuated auton'iatically with thx actuation of saidzeroiziug mechanism to print a character indicating that said computingmechanism has been cleared oi' any7 computation previously exhibited.

lo'. 'l`he combination with a computing mechanism including a series otdial wheels arranged to exhibit a computation. ot a zeroizing mechanismtor clearing said computing mechanism ot a Computation and returningsaid dial wheels to Zero, a platen, a series ol numeral key type actionscoperating with said platen to print numbers and cooperating with saidcomputing mechanism to computel the same numbers as printed, a specialtype action, a spring for actuating said special type action, and meanscontrolled by said' zeroizing mechanism tor bringing said spring intoplay to cause said special type action to print a special characterindicating that said computing mechanism has been cleared ot anycomputation previously exhibited.

1T. The combination with a platen, ot a special type action cooperatingwith said platen to print a special character, computing mechanismincluding a general operator arranged to run up numbers, and a camconnected to be rotated by said general operator, cooperating with saidtype action to manipulate the same.

1S. rlfhc combination with a platen. oit a special type actioncooperating with said platen to print a special character. computingmechanism including a general operator arranged to run up numbers, a camconnected to be rotated by said general operator. cooperating with saidtype action to manipulate the same. and locking means tor determiningthe starting and stopping positions ot said cani.

l5). 'the combination with a platen. ot a special type actioncooperating with said platen to print a special character, a computingmechanism, a general operator tor actuating said computing mechanism torun up numbers, a spring tor operating said type action in onedirection. and a gravity cani tor actuating said type action in theopposite direction, said gravity cam having an abrupt dip therein topermit a sudden action o'l said spring.

20. The combination with a platen, ot a special type action cooperatingwith said platen to print a special character, a computation mechanism,a general operator tor actuating said computing mechanism to run upnumbers` a spring tor operating said type action in one direction, agravity cani tor actuating said type action in the opposite direction,said gravity cam having an abrupt dip therein to permit a sudden actionoi" said spring, and means independent of said cam tor retensioning saidspring.

91. The combination with a platen, of a series ot key-operated type-barscooperating with said platen to print, a keyless typebar, a tcnsionedspring tor actuating said keyless type-bar, computing mechanisn'icooperating with said key-operated type-bars to compute numbers, andmeans operated by said computing mechanism for tensioning said spring.

The combination with a series ot computing wheels, o't means, includingindependently operable types and keys for operating them one afteranother, tor printing numbers shown by said wheels while the latter arestationary, whereby the written total may be compared with the numberexhibited by the wheels, means tor clearingr said wheels to zero whilesaid printing means is inactive`r whereby the machine may be clearedwithout printing the number shown on the wheels, and additional printingmeans automatically actuated at the operation ot said clearing means, toprint a special character indicating only that the computing wheels havebeen cleared as a preliminary to performing a computation.

23. The combination of printing mechanism comprising a series ofindependently operable types, including a set ot numeral types and aclearance-sign type, and a plurality of individual keys connected tocontrol the operation of said types, a clearance mechanism connected tothe clearance-sign key to be controlled thereby; and a computingmechanism under the control olE the numeral keys, and including aregister wherein totals are displayed; said clearance mechanism, saidprinting mechanism and said computing mechanism being independent ot oneanother, whereby a total displayed in said register' may be copiedtherefrom and printed upon the work-sheet 'tor com parison with thedisplayed computation` while said register is stationary and betere itis cleared. 2l. The combination ot printing means comprising a series otindependently operable types, including a set ot numeral types and aclearance-sign type, and a plurality ot individual keys connected tocontrol the operation ot said types` a step-by-step 'teeding carriageunder the control ot the numeral keys to enable numbers to be printedpendently operable types, including a clearance-sign type, plurality ofindividual keys connected to control the operation of said types, aclearance mechanism connected to the clearance-sign key to be controlledthereby; said types including a set ot numeral types; and a computingmechanism under the control of the numeral keys; means being providedfor printing said clearance-sign type in or out ot' the adding column atwill.

Q6. The combination of a series of computing wheels, means operableindependently oill the wheels for printing the numbers shown by saidwheels, said printing means including numeral types operableindependently olf one another and individual keys for operating them,mechanism operable independently ot said printing means for turning saidwheels to zero, and an additional printing mechanism under the controlof said Zero mechanism, for printing a clearance sign, whereby afterprinting a total by the manipulation of said keys, the total may be leftupon the wheels for comparison with the total printed on the sheet, andwhereby the wheels may thereafter be cleared independently of saidnumber-printing mechanism, and a sign also printed to indicate that thewheels are cleared before starting a -fresh computation.

27. rl`he combination with printing means, inclusive of a carriage,whereby numbers may be printed in any one of a large number of columnsside by Side on a work-sheet, of computing means whereby numbers printedin certain of said columns may be computed, said computing meansincluding a register wherein totals are displayed, a key, meansconnected to said key to clear said computing means, and a printing typeconnected to said clearance means and printable in any of said columnswhere said numbers are printed; said clearance means, said printingmeans and said computing means being independent of one another, wherebya total displayed in said register may be copied therefrom and printedon the worksheet, while the register is stationary and before saidclearance means is actuated, so as to enable the registered and printedtotals to be compared.

28. The combination with a series of computing wheels, of digit-printingmeans for printing the numbers as computed and run into said computingwheels, Zeroizing means for clearing said computing wheels of acomputation registered therein, said zeroizing means and saiddigit-printing means constructed for alternative action, so that each isnecessarily silent while the other is in action, whereby a total may beleft upon the computing wheels for comparison with the computationprinted on the work-sheet, and whereby said wheels may thereafter becleared independently of said digit-printing means, and printing meansincited to action by said Zeroizing means, to print a signcharacteristic of the zeroizing operation.

29. rlhe combination with computing mechanism including a series ofcomputing wheels, of printing mechanism for printing digit by digit thenumbers computed and run into said computing wheels, said printingmechanism comprising individual printing elements corresponding to theseveral digits and having the same printing point or point of strike soas to be operable singly, zeroizing means for clearing said computingwheels to Zero, and a printing element caused to act by said zeroizingmeans to print a characteristic sign; said last-mentioned printingelement having the same printing point or point of strike as saidrst-mentioned printing elements.

30. The combination with computing mechanism including a series ofcomputing wheels, of printing mechanism for printing digit by digit thenumbers computed and run into said computing wheels, said printingmechanism comprising individual printing elements corresponding to theseveral digits and having the same printing point or point of strike soas t0 be operable singly, Zeroizing means for clearing said computingwheels to Zero, and a printing element caused to act by said zeroizingmeans to print a characteristic sign; said last-mentioned printingelement having the same printing point or point of strike as saidirst-mentioned printing elements, said zeroizing means and saidfirst-mentioned printing mechanism being alternative in their action sothat said last-mentioned printing element will print at a different timefrom printing actions of said irst-mentioned printing elements.

31. The combination of a series of keys, types operable one afteranother by said keys, a series of computing wheels under the control ofsaid keys, means for clearing said wheels to Zero, and printing meansindependent of said keys and automatically actuated at the operation ofsaid clearing means, to print a special character indicating that thecomputing wheels have been cleared.

32. The combination with a computing mechanism including a series ofnumeral keys and also including a register wherein totals are displayed,of printing mechanism including numeral types operable by said keys, andautomatic means brought into play by said computing mechanismindependently of said keys for causing the printing of a specialcharacter indicating a certain state of said computing mechanism; saidprinting mechanism and said computing mechanism being independent ofeach other,whereby a total displayed in said register may be copiedtherefrom and printed on the Work-sheet, while the register isstationary, so as to enable the registered and printed totals to becompared.

33. rThe combination with a computing mechanism incliuling a set ofnumeral keys :uid a register, otI printing means including numeral typesoperable by said keys and also including' zero clearing means, means torprinting a special character, means normally tending to actuate saidspecial printiuo meansI` a trip preventing the actuation olV saidspecial printii'ig means, and means actuated b v said zero clearing`means for releasing said trip; said '/.ero clearing means, saidcomputing mechanism and said printing means being iinlependentA ot oneanother, whereby a total displayed in said register may be copiedtherefrom and printed on the work-sheet, while the registerl and theZero clearing means are stationary, so as to enable the registered andprinted totals to be compared.

3l. The combination with printing means comprising a series of numeralkeys and a series of numeral types operable thereby, ot a computingmechanism controllable by said keys and including a register and ageneral operator 'tor ruiming up on said register a previously setupcomputation, independent means for printing a special character toindicate a certain state ot said computing mechanism. a spring normallytending to actuate said independent printing means,

Copies of this patent may be obtained for and means actuated by saidgeneral operator for tensioning said spring, said com puting mechanismand the lirst-nained printing means being independent ot each other,whereby a total displayed in said register maybe copied therefrom andprintefl on the work-sheet, while the register is stationary', so as toenable Vthe registered and printed totals to be compared.

35. rlhe combination with printing means comprising a series ot' keysand a series of types operable thereby, ol,l a con'iputing mechanismincllulii'ig indexing devices controllable by said keys and alsoincluding a register and a general operator for ruiming up on saidregister the number indexed, a device independent oit said keys forprinting a special character to indicate a certain state of saidcomputing mechanism, and means controlled by said general operator t'orreturning said independent printing device to normal position; saidcomputing mechanism and the iirst-nanied printing means beingindependent of each other, whereby a total displayed in said registermay be copied therefrom and printed on the work-sheet, while theregister is stationary, so as to enable the registered and printedtotals to be compared.

FREDERICK A. HART.

witnesses PAU, ZiuoN, B. GOLDBERG.

'Washin gton, D. U.

